Paper- or Parchment-making—Includes artisan-manufactured paper and parchment.

Calligraphy and/or Illumination—Includes lettering (writing), illumination, or any combination thereof.

Printing—Includes printed documents (incunabula or printed pages), engravings, printed music, etc., as well as any associated decorative techniques employed with printed pages. [Does not include printing and engraving plates or blocks—these should be placed in Instruments, Models, & Tools—Hand Tools.”]

Cartography—includes the creation of maps.

Bookbinding—Includes binding of books and decoration thereof.